P-385-63 Range Safety Pamphlet Download

exposure based on the airborne lead concentration and the number of days firing per year. These criteria are to be used as interim control measures only. Maximum effort will be made to reduce the airborne lead levels to 0.03 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m 3 ) or less. (3) Lead exposures for personnel are determined by a sampling strategy that employs general-area and breathing- zone samples. Paragraph b contains guidance for air sampling. The Industrial Hygiene Department of the U.S. Army Public Health Command will conduct the airborne lead sampling and provide the analysis and recommend the maximum allowable hours of exposure to be used as indicated table 2–1. Once an airborne lead concentration is determined, table 2–1 is used to set maximum allowable hours of exposure for each category of range user. Other potential lead exposures, including off-duty firing, may contribute to an individual’s overall exposure and should be considered in establishing maximum allowable exposure time. (4) The command safety manager, RMA, industrial hygienist, and medical authority will make recommendations to the appropriate risk decision authority to determine the need for medical surveillance. Medical surveillance is not required for intermittent users if the maximum allowable exposure hours from table 2–1 are enforced. b. Air sampling. (1) Collect all lead samples on cellulose ester filters meeting the following specifications: pore size of 0.8 microns, 37 millimeters (mm) in diameter, three-piece preloaded cassette, and closed face. Sampling rate should be 1 to 4 liters per minute for a minimum volume of 500 liters. (2) In indoor firing ranges, sample on the firing line, 3 m behind the firing line, and in adjacent areas (such as range office, supply room, or hallways). In small ranges (fewer than six firing positions), samples should be taken at each firing position on and off line. In larger ranges (six or more firing positions), breathing-zone and general-area samples should be taken in every other firing position and off line. In shoothouses, sample at each doorway and other locations where personnel may pause. Permanently assigned range personnel may be evaluated using data obtained from general- area and breathing-zone samples, if applicable. Take at least one air sample for lead in an area adjacent to the facility defined above during each monitoring period. The sample should indicate whether or not lead contamination is confined to the facility. (3) The following actions are critical to proper evaluation: (a) Sample during periods of maximum use. (b) If firing is over an extended period of time, allow time for possible buildup of airborne concentrations before sampling. (c) Sample during the use of higher-caliber ammunition if more than one type of ammunition is used. (4) Calibrate all pumps before and after use by a method traceable to a primary standard (for example, bubble and burette). c. Ventilation. (1) Contaminations occur as byproducts of firing (that is, lead, carbon monoxide, and aldehydes) and must be removed from the facility through an adequate ventilation system. The maximum concentration of lead acceptable for an 8-hour daily exposure (time-weighted average) is 0.05 mg/m 3 . A ventilation system designed to provide this protection is sufficient to remove other byproducts of firing. (2) Optimum ventilation systems should intake make-up air behind the firing line and expel exhausted air at the target line or bullet trap. (3) Downrange air velocity can be measured or approximated by using a 30-second smoke candle and stop watch. Ignite the smoke candle behind the firing line and time the smoke from the moment the first plume crosses the firing line until it reaches the bullet trap. Calculate the air velocity in meters per second (m/s) by dividing the range distance or length (from firing line to bullet trap) (D) by time (T), or D/T=m/s. A minimum of 0.18 m/s is required. This is equal to 0.017 cubic meters per second per square meter of cross-sectional area. During the smoke evaluation, observe the range for any "dead spots" (swirling of smoke up-range) or other turbulent airflow motions that may allow for increased exposure at or behind the firing line. (4) Ensure proper disposal of contaminated waste (for example, filters). d. Army requirements for inspection of indoor firing ranges and shoothouses. These facilities require periodic inspections to ensure compliance with current health and safety standards. The types of periodic inspections are initial, detailed, and annual. (1) Initial inspections are one-time inspections made by qualified and competent safety or engineer personnel. The purpose of the initial inspection is to classify the authorized level of use of the facility. Based on the findings of the initial inspection, the facility will be classified as safe, limited, or unsafe. DA Form 5687 (Initial Inspection Checklist for Indoor Ranges) will be used to record the initial indoor firing range inspection. Criteria for initial inspection of shoothouses will be developed by the RMA, appropriate safety office, industrial hygiene office, and appropriate medical authority based on local conditions. A copy of the initial inspection will be maintained at the range and available for review. (a) A facility classified as safe permits authorized firing for military and civilian use. (b) A facility classified as limited permits only limited use under controlled conditions. The personnel exposure limits for intermittent atmospheric lead exposure will be used for limited operation of the facility. 8 DA PAM 385–63 • 16 April 2014