P-385-63 Range Safety Pamphlet Download

movement of the target. Missile impact should be as near to the original missile-to-target-line as possible. Large deflection divergences during flight should be avoided. (8) TOW missiles will not be fired from within buildings or within 100 m of any vertical or nearly vertical backstop. (9) The range will be inspected after TOW firing activities to ensure, to the maximum extent possible, that all guidance wires are removed from the training complex unless approval is granted from installation RMA (Army), RCO (Marine Corps) to abandon wires in place. Recovery of guidance wires will be made by ground personnel. Aircraft will not be used to remove guidance wires. The senior commander (Army)/installation commander (Marine Corps) will determine whether guidance wires will be recovered from dedicated and high hazard impact areas. Access to installa- tion training complexes where command link guidance wires are used will be at the authorization of the installation RMA (Army), RCO (Marine Corps). (10) Modification of Area I is not authorized. Occupation of Area I by unprotected personnel is prohibited. (11) All missiles should be tested using the missile test set as part of the overall system pre-fire checks. This will identify the majority of missiles with a potential for operational failures. (12) For the Marine Corps, participating personnel not in Area F but within a rectangle 100 m to either side and 200 m to the rear of the TOW firing point will wear a minimum of PPE Level 1, as referenced in table 2–2. (13) For the Marine Corps, all firings of the TOW missile require the use of the Kevlar protective blanket except when TOW missiles are fired from the Light Armored Vehicle-Anti-Tank variant when all personnel are either within the protective hull of the vehicle or clear of the launch position by 75 m when missile firing is initiated. (14) Aerial TOW firing and WDZ information is contained in chapter 11. b. Surface danger zone. (1) The SDZ for basic TOW, practice TOW, Improved TOW (ITOW), TOW 2, TOW 2A, TOW 2B, TOW 2B AERO and TOW 2BB (Bunker Buster) missiles firing at fixed and moving targets are illustrated in figure 7–1. This figure represents a 1:1,000,000 (10 -6 ) (47 degrees) probability of a missile fly-out/hazardous fragment escaping the SDZ. Figure 7–1 also contains information for a missile fly out/hazardous fragment escapement of 1:100,000 (10 -5 ) (45 degrees), 1:10,000 (10 -4 ) (38 degrees), and 1:1,000 (10 -3 ) (30 degrees). The SDZ is based on the maximum ballistic range for TOW variants since there is no provision for command destruct. For danger zones with a greater risk of missile fly-out/hazardous fragment escapement than 1:1,000,000 (10 -6 ), an approved deviation in accordance with chapter 1 of this pamphlet is required. Required distances (Distance X) for ground firings of the different TOW models are given in table 7–1. (2) Area F is the danger area extending to the rear of the launcher (see fig 7–2). For ground firings, Area F is divided into a primary danger area and two caution areas. (a) The primary danger area is a 90 degree included angular cone (45 degree on each side of the rear of the bore axis with a radius of 50 m) and with the apex of the cone centered at the rear of the missile launcher. Serious casualties or fatalities are likely to occur to any personnel in the primary danger area during firing. The hazards are launch motor blast, high noise levels, overpressure, and debris. (b) Caution Area 1 is an area extending radially from each side of the primary danger area to the firing line with a radius of 50 m. Permanent hearing damage could occur to personnel in this area during firing. Approved hearing protection will be worn by all personnel occupying this area. The hazards are high noise levels and overpressure. (c) Caution Area 2 is an extension of the primary danger area with the same associated hazards and personnel protection required. The radius of this area is 75 m. (d) For the Army, at least single hearing protection will be worn by all personnel within the rectangle 100 m to either side and 200 m to the rear of the TOW firing point. (3) Area H, a circular sector to the rear of the launch position, is established as an additional buffer zone to protect personnel from the hazards of high velocity fragments and missile debris resulting from detonation of the HE warhead during an "eject only" event (ballistic trajectory upon failure of the flight motor to ignite once the missile has exited the launcher). Each "eject only" event for TOW, Improved TOW, TOW 2, TOW 2A, TOW 2B AERO, and TOW BB is expected to produce about 100 fragments with a maximum range of 1,300 m and one slug with a maximum range of 3,200 m. The maximum fly-back range for TOW 2B is expected to be 1,000 m, and one slug is expected to travel 1,600 m. Modification of Area H is authorized by deviation. Area H is not required for inert warheads or for HE warheads equipped with missile ordnance inhibit circuits identified by U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Command for the Army or Marine Corps Systems Command for the Marine Corps. These missiles will encompass all Missile Ordnance Inhibit Circuit (MOIC), MOIC Enhancement (MOICE), Improved MOIC (IMOIC), and Digital MOIC (DMOIC) circuitry. (4) Area I is a circular sector immediately in front of the launcher position. It is constructed by drawing an arc between the left and right lateral limits of the impact area with a radius of 800 m and centered at the launch position. c. Surface Danger Zone adjustments. (1) For ground-launched mode, if any point on the edge of the impact area is lower than the elevation of the launch position by more than 30 m, extend the impact area at that point by 1 m for every meter of drop in elevation greater than 30 m. For example, if a point of the SDZ at the edge of the impact area is 65 m below the launch position, extend 66 DA PAM 385–63 • 16 April 2014