FM-3-81 Maneuver Enhancement Brigade Download
Page 104 of 188
Appendix A A-4 FM 3-81 09 November 2021 Area security. Area security is a type of security operation conducted to protect friendly forces, installations, routes, and actions within a specific area (ADP 3-90). Area security may be the predominant method of protecting the support areas that are necessary to facilitate the positioning, employment, and protection of resources required to sustain, enable, and control forces. Area security often focuses on the following activities: Tactical AA security. Base/base camp defense. Critical asset security. Node protection. High-risk personnel security. Movement corridors. Response force operations. LOC security. Checkpoints and combat outposts. Convoy security. Port area and pier security. Area damage control. Conduct cyberspace and security defense. The Army secures and defends the network through a defense-in-depth approach, incorporating layered security and defenses. The tasks to secure and defend cyberspace are perform cybersecurity activities and conduct defensive cyberspace operations–internal defensive measures. See FM 3-12 for more information for cyberspace planning considerations. Conduct electromagnetic protection actions. Many Army capabilities, including communications, cyberspace operations, information collection, space capabilities, target detection, and precision guided munitions, depend on assured access to the electromagnetic spectrum. The tasks to protect Army access to the electromagnetic spectrum are conduct electronic protection actions, conduct defensive electronic attack, and conduct electromagnetic spectrum management. Conduct OPSEC. Operations security is a capability that identifies and controls critical information, indicators of friendly force actions attendant to military operations, and incorporates countermeasures to reduce the risk of an adversary exploiting vulnerabilities (JP 3-13.3). Effective and disciplined OPSEC is employed during decisive action. Units routinely employ OPSEC measures to reduce, eliminate, and conceal essential elements of friendly information. Units use directional antennas and terrain masking to conceal tactical communication signatures and reduce detection by enemy direction-finding capabilities. This helps to prevent enemy or adversary reconnaissance and other information collection capabilities from gaining an advantage because the threat has knowledge of identifiable or observable unit-specific information. For additional information on OPSEC for division and below, see ATP 3-13.3. PROTECTION SUPPORT TO ARMY OPERATIONS A-8. Protection emphasizes the importance of planning and expanding protection priorities, to include protecting mission partners, civilian populations, equipment, resources, infrastructure, and cultural landmarks across the range of military operations. The synchronization, integration, and organization of protection capabilities and resources to preserve combat power from the effects of threats and hazards are essential. When properly integrated and synchronized, the tasks and systems that relate to protection effectively protect the force, preserve combat power, and increase the probability of mission success. A-9. Operations to shape include unit home station activities, including maintaining operational readiness, training, and contingency planning. Combined exercises and training, military exchange programs, and foreign military member attendance at Army schools are examples of home station shaping activities. At home stations, protection tasks maintain safe and secure environments that enable commanders to generate