FM-3-09 Fire Support and Field Artillery Operations Download

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30 April 2020 FM 3-09 vii Introduction The aim of this publication is to establish the functions and principles of fire support planning, coordination, execution, and assessment and to describe the FS system in terms of its major components, functions, and required products. This publication describes the FS system as a complete entity and gives equal treatment to all of the diverse assets and capabilities that are designated as elements of the fire support system. The theme of this publication is that the successful delivery of fires depends on the rapid and continuous integration and synchronization of all forms of FS assets with all elements of combat power, and across all domains for one purpose. This is to place the correct types and volume of fire at the right time and on the right targets, across all domains to ensure the success of the supported maneuver commander's concept of operations. This publication provides the foundation for the development of subordinate FS and FA doctrine, force design, materiel acquisition, professional education, and individual and unit training. Fire support and field artillery techniques manuals go into further detail to explain specific duties for those individuals who actually work within the FS system. The source document for FM 3-09 continues to be FM 3-0, Operations. Figure 1 on page x, shows the logic diagram for this publication. A hierarchy of doctrine publications that every fire supporter must understand is in figure 2 on page xi, which contains respective active hyper-links to relevant FA and FS doctrine. The major changes from the 2014 FM 3-09 are listed below: Formally recognizes that FS is inherently joint, multi-domain, and incorporates both special operation forces (SOF) as well as general purpose forces. As such, equal treatment is given to descriptions of joint and SOF elements of the FS system. Retitles the manual from Field Artillery Operations and Fire Support to Fire Support and Field Artillery Operations. Aligns FS with the Army's strategic roles. Reintroduces the foundations of FS. Introduces the core competencies and characteristics of fire support. Changes the name of tactical echelon Fires Cells (battalion through corps) to FSEs in line with joint doctrine. Transitions the memory aide AWIFM-N (adequate fire support for committed units, weight to the main effort or decisive operation, immediately available fire support for the commander to influence the operation, facilitate future operations, maximum feasible centralized control - primarily in the defense, never place artillery in reserve) from a tool solely used to develop FA organization for combat to an acronym describing the principles of FS execution. Reintroduces the four basic FS tasks and designates them as the functions of FS: support forces in contact, support the concept of operations, synchronize and converge FS (lethal and nonlethal) across all domains, and sustain and protect the FS system. Clarifies and modifies the definitions of the force field artillery headquarters, fire support coordinator, chief of fires, deputy fire support coordinator, and fire support officer. Reintroduces the establishment of essential FS and essential FA tasks. Reintroduces the five requirements for accurate predicted fire. Adds a chapter on degraded, denied, and disrupted operations. Adds an appendix on the development of essential FS and essential FA tasks. FM 3-09 contains six chapters and four appendices: