FM-3-09 Fire Support and Field Artillery Operations Download
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Chapter 2 2-20 FM 3-09 30 April 2020 The small diameter bomb (referred to as SDB), which is an air-launched, precision guided, glide weapon. It provides strike aircraft with high-loadout, all-weather, autonomous, standoff-attack capability outside of point defenses. SDB increment I provides precision capability through a GPS-aided INS against fixed targets, while SDB increment II incorporates a GPS-aided INS and additional tri-mode seeker, optimized for engaging fixed, relocatable, moving targets, at any time of day and in adverse weather conditions. CYBERSPACE ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTIVITIES 2-90. Cyberspace electromagnetic activities is the process of planning, integrating, and synchronizing cyberspace and electronic warfare operations in support of unified land operations (ADP 3-0). Cyberspace operations are the employment of cyberspace capabilities where the primary purpose is to achieve objectives in or through cyberspace (JP 3-0). Both the offensive cyberspace operations (OCO) and defensive cyberspace operations response action (DCO-RA) missions may rise to the level of use of force, where physical damage or destruction of enemy systems require use of fires in cyberspace. OCO are intended to project power by the application of force in and through cyberspace and DCO-RA uses defensive measures, including fires, outside the defended network to protect it. 2-91. Cyberspace attack actions are a form of fires, are taken as part of an OCO or DCO-RA mission, are coordinated with other USG departments and agencies, and are carefully synchronized with planned fires in the physical domains. For more information on CEMA see FM 3-12. 2-92. Cyberspace operations are the employment of cyberspace capabilities where the primary purpose is to achieve objectives in or through cyberspace. OCO and DCO-RA missions may rise to the level of use of force, where physical damage or destruction of enemy systems require use of fires in cyberspace. OCO are intended to project power in and through cyberspace, and DCO-RA use defensive measures, including fires, outside the defended network to protect it. Cyberspace attack actions are a form of fires, taken as part of an OCO or DCO-RA mission, coordinated with other US governmental departments and agencies, and carefully synchronized with planned fires in the physical domains. SPACE OPERATIONS 2-93. Many lethal and nonlethal fires capabilities depend on space capabilities to support, integrate, and deliver fires. Army space capabilities are integrated throughout the fires warfighting function, providing robust and reliable planning, contributing to target development, and providing positioning, navigation, and timing, satellite communications, imagery, geolocation, weather, and terrain capabilities. 2-94. As a FS attack/delivery capability, space control operations that create a desired effect on enemy space systems across all domains by employing a variety of measures to assure the use of space and attribute enemy attacks. These include terrestrial fires to defend space operations and assets. A capability for, or employment of, fires may deter threats and/or contain and de-escalate a crisis. 2-95. When deliberate, nonlethal FS attack/delivery capabilities are directed into the space domain, they must be coordinated between the affected combatant commands if time permits. By honoring the boundaries of the space domain, combatant commanders help preserve space situational awareness, spacecraft life span, and space system performance. For more information on space operations see JP 3-14. INFORMATION RELATED ACTIVITIES 2-96. The integration and synchronization of FS with information-related activities through the targeting process is fundamental to creating the necessary synergy between information-related activities and more traditional maneuver and strike operations. Some information-related activities supporting joint fires include: 2-97. Military deception is actions executed to deliberately mislead adversary military, paramilitary, or violent extremist organization decision makers, thereby causing the adversary to take specific actions (or inactions) that will contribute to the accomplishment of the friendly mission (JP 3-13.4). Deception applies to all levels of warfare, across the range of military operations, and is conducted during all phases of military operations. Physical attack/destruction can support military deception by shaping an enemy's intelligence collection capability through destroying or nullifying selected ISR capabilities or sites. Attacks can mask the