FM-3-09 Fire Support and Field Artillery Operations Download
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Chapter 2 2-12 FM 3-09 30 April 2020 ground task force (MAGTF) consisting of a command element, a ground combat element, an aviation combat element, and a logistics combat element. Various agencies and elements within the marine air-ground task force help commanders to execute fires. These agencies may be used for either a landing force or sustained land operations. The MAGTF command element organizes a fires and effects coordination center, which coordinates overall fires. At each level below the command element (division, regiment, and battalion), a fire support coordination center is established to advise and coordinate fires within the ground combat element. The fires and effects coordination center and each fire support coordination center are staffed with subject matter experts and representatives of the various USMC and Navy supporting arms. AIR NAVAL GROUND LIAISON COMPANY 2-51. The air-naval ground liaison company provides the MAGTF commander a liaison capability to plan, coordinate, and conduct the terminal control of fires in support of joint and multinational forces operating within or adjacent to the MAGTF battlespace. Each air-naval ground liaison company contains USMC and Navy personnel qualified to plan, coordinate, and integrate all fire support assets available to the MAGTF, as well as joint and multinational forces. MARITIME COMPONENT FIRE SUPPORT COMMAND AND CONTROL 2-52. The JFC may designate a joint force maritime component commander (JFMCC) to conduct joint maritime operations. The JFMCC is the supported commander for operations within the JFC-designated maritime area of operations (AO) (including airspace above the AO). When designated the supported commander, the JFMCC has authority to designate target priorities, effects, and timing of fires within the AO. 2-53. The primary responsibilities of the joint force maritime component commander regarding joint FS are to advise the JFC on the best use of available maritime component fires capabilities, provide maritime component joint FS requirements to the supporting commander(s) (if designated the supported commander), conduct component planning, and execute the OPORD. SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMPONENT FIRE SUPPORT COMMAND AND CONTROL ORGANIZATIONS AND ELEMENTS 2-54. The joint force special operations component coordinates all FS in support of special operations and, when tasked, FS using SOF assets in support of other elements of the joint force. Special operations coordinate FS through both external and SOF channels. 2-55. Liaison between SOF and other elements of the joint force is critical to both effective support and the prevention of friendly fire incidents. SOF liaison elements provide special operations expertise to coordinate, synchronize, and deconflict operations in support of conventional forces and when special operations are conducted unilaterally. SOF C2 organizations, such as a special operations command and control element, may provide (or act as) liaison elements to coordinate FS with their respective Service components. Within SOF channels, various elements are established to assist commanders in the execution of their FS responsibilities. SOF organizations and elements that provide C2 capabilities with integrated FS functions include: Special operations joint task force (referred to as SOJTF). A SOJTF is the principal organization designed to meet all special operations requirements in major operations, campaigns, or a contingency. The SOJTF commander plans, integrates, and executes all special operations in a designated OA. The SOJTF is a general officer-/flag officer-led modular, tailorable, and scalable special operations task force designed to integrate and enable joint SOF made available to geographic combatant commanders and JFCs. Joint special operations task force (referred to as JSOTF). The JSOTF is formed to execute special operations in support of a campaign or other operations. The JSOTF is normally an O-6-led modular, tailorable, and scalable special operations task force (SOTF) designed to provide a capability to C2 multiple SOTFs or a SOFJTF consisting of both conventional forces and SOF.