FM-3-09 Fire Support and Field Artillery Operations Download
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Chapter 5 5-2 FM 3-09 30 April 2020 having them meet U.S. FS and FA standards. Potential areas that FA personnel can provide advice on include, but are not limited to, FS planning and integration; clearance of fires; and reconnaissance, selection, and occupation of a position. They may also advise the supported unit on training management to move them further towards independent growth. For more information on SFA see ATP 3-96.1. The focus of all U.S. FID efforts is to support the host nation's internal defense and development program to build the capability and capacity of the host nation to achieve self-sufficiency. FID is an Army SOF core activity. While SFA and FID have much in common, FID activities directly support organizing, training, equipping, advising, and assisting FSF to combat internal threats, while SFA prepares FSF to defend against external threats an perform as a part of an international force. FS personnel, TA systems, and FS attack/delivery systems supporting SOF while engaged in FID activities are critical to force protection and to assisting FSF defend against internal threats. 5-4. Regionally assigned and aligned forces provide a combatant commander with scalable, tailorable capabilities to shape the OE. At the tactical level, units will primarily conduct military engagement through combined training and exercises. Combined training and exercises allow multi-national forces to validate shared procedures, terminology, graphics, and standards for FS and the delivery of FA fires. At all levels, units should maximize interoperable digital systems with multi-national unified action partners when possible to verify the FS communications plan. Regionally assigned and aligned forces can also shape the environment by identifying ports, runways, roads, potential operation areas, PAAs, and ammunition holding areas for follow on forces. 5-5. Foundational training activities contribute to operations to shape by providing a competent, credible, deployable force to leaders at the strategic level. Examples include FS and FA personnel participate regularly as members of the combined arms team in combat training centers, rotations and warfighter exercises. Obtaining necessary skills through attendance at FS and FA functional courses such as JFO, FA mechanic (additional skill identifier, U6), master gunner, special technical operations (referred to as STO), and the joint operational fires and effects course are critical to ensuring competent FS personnel at all levels. 5-6. The theater Army serves as the ASCC of the geographic combatant command. The Army Service component command is the command responsible for recommendations to the joint force commander on the allocation and employment of Army forces within a combatant command (JP 3-31). As an ASCC, the theater army executes several functions in support of the ground component command: Executing the combatant commander's daily operational requirements. Setting the theater. Setting the joint operations area. Serving as a JTF or joint force land component for crisis response and limited contingency operations. 5-7. The TFC and TFE is designed to develop, nominate and integrate effects on joint targets across the theater. This support to joint targeting enables setting the theater and shaping for the JFLCC, field Army, and corps. The TFC ensures the Army's contribution to the Joint Targeting process is effectively planned and executed during the competition phase and can seamlessly transition to execution in a conflict phase. This also provides greater deterrence options for the theater. The TFC senior officer in the TFC/TFE serves as FSCOORD to the ASCC/Theater Army commander.