ATP-5-0-2-1 Staff Reference Guide Volume 1 Download
Page 269 of 440
Sustainment Planning Factors 07 December 2020 ATP 5-0.2-1 253 G-28. The distribution integration branch (DIB) within the TSC and ESC distribution management center executes distribution integration. The support operations staff within the sustainment brigade, DSB, DSSB, CSSB, and BSB also execute distribution integration. The DIB receives input from the material management sections and develops the plan for execution. The plan includes the commodity to be moved, quantity to be moved, and priority of movement. The plan also recommends a mode of transportation based on the community and priority. Once the distribution integration personnel complete the plan, the distribution management center (TSC and ESC) or support operations staff (CSSB, DSSB, and BSB) passes the plan to the G3/S3 to be included in the orders process. G-29. The transportation component receives input from the distribution integration or support operations staff and allocates adequate transportation modes for specific commodities to ensure timely distribution of material. The transportation managers coordinate with movement control elements for timing and routing of transportation to meet command priorities. The TSC, ESC, and DMC transportation operations branch and the CSSB, DSSB, and BSB support operations transportation personnel execute these functions. Distribution Planning G-30. Distribution planning includes considering terminal types, methods of distribution, mode operations, the supply chain and supply trains, and retrograde of material. These topics are discussed in paragraphs G-31 through G-35. Terminals G-31. Distribution of material into, within, and out of theater depends on terminal operations. Terminals are operated either by military personnel or commercially. Three types of terminals exist: Land terminals include centralized receiving and shipping points, trailer transfer points, and rail, petroleum, and inland water terminals. Land terminals are established at points along air, rail, river, canal, pipeline, and motor transportation lines of communication to provide for the transshipment of cargo and personnel carried by these modes. Inland terminals are key enablers or links between modes when terrain and operational requirements cause a change in type of conveyance. Sea terminals, such as seaports, are nodes at the start or end of a shipment route by sea. Air terminals, such as airports or austere runways, are nodes at the start or end of a shipment route by air. Methods of Distribution G-32. Operational variables and theater conditions generally dictate the method of distribution each echelon selects. The three methods are throughput distribution, supply point distribution, and unit distribution: Throughput distribution is a method of distribution which bypasses one or more intermediate supply echelons in the supply system to avoid multiple handling (ATP 4-11). This method is often used to get critical CL III, V, and VII supplies to a BSB as they arrive in theater, to prolong an operation, or to extend operational reach and avoid culmination. Throughput distribution can be extended to FSCs and users in extenuating circumstances. Such support relies on an operational unit communicating requirements and a sustaining unit responding. Aerial delivery is a common method. Throughput distribution is used for speed and efficiency, to address shortages as assets become available, and for surge situations. Supply point distribution is a routine distribution method by which a unit moves to a supply point to receive supplies and returns to its original location using organic transportation. The supply unit distributing supplies is responsible for breaking down supplies received from higher echelons for distribution to subordinate units. For example, an FSC assembles a convoy to pick up supplies from the BSB, and then returns to its original location. The BSB will load supplies at the supply point, but has no other responsibility in this method. Unit distribution is a method of distributing supplies where the receiving unit is issued supplies in its own area with transportation furnished by the issuing agency. The distributor is responsible for filling supply requests and transporting items to a location predetermined by the receiving