ATP-3-94-2 HIMARS Deep Operations Download
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Appendix B B-6 ATP 3-94.2 1 September 2016 B-33. While the attack unit engages the target, information collection shifts to determine the status of the egress route. The location of enemy radar and air defense sites that were identified during the ingress and attack phases must be passed to the aviation unit and the fire support element to adjust the SEAD plan. Passage of Lines B-34. When transitioning to and from the deep area, aviation assets will conduct a passage of lines when crossing the FLOT. The passage of lines must be planned and rehearsed prior to execution. B-35. When the attack force is transitioning the FLOT, the division or corps must coordinate the passage of lines by changing the air defense weapons status of the ground maneuver units. To defeat possible enemy air defense systems during the penetration of the enemy FLOT, aviation assets employ aircraft survivability equipment. Even under the best of circumstances, it is difficult to know the exact time aircraft will return across the FLOT. B-36. Prior to conducting a passage of lines enroute to an attack in the deep area, the attack force will assemble in designated holding areas for timing, sequencing, and coordination with the most forward friendly element. Likewise, an attack force returning from an attack in the deep area will assemble in designated holding areas immediately after crossing the FLOT to sequence through the FARP. Weaponeering B-37. While EA development planning and execution occurs at and below the battalion/squadron level, corps and divisions may often establish the boundaries to an EA in order to separate fires during simultaneous operations in the deep area. With input and consideration from the supporting combat aviation brigade, division and corps planners must identify the EA, determine the most effective application of fire power, and deconflict and synchronize the operation with other activities. Deconfliction of fires maximizes simultaneity. Employing the appropriate platform for the attack, the correct type and quantity of lethal and nonlethal fires, as well as considering potential follow-on missions and adjacent missions, harmonizes and maximizes the effects on the desired targets. INTELLIGENCE B-38. Just as the successful employment of Army aviation in the deep area requires a detailed understanding of the enemy, terrain, and civil considerations, Army aviation provides such an understanding to the deep- operations planning team through the employment of reconnaissance assets. UAS mobility, range, and endurance facilitate information collection for the planning, execution, and assessment of operations in the deep area. B-39. Intelligence considerations drive the aviation operation. They also drive route selection, SEAD, and the development of personnel recovery options. INDIRECT FIRES B-40. Field artillery provides indirect fires to suppress enemy air defense systems and the objective. While Army aviation assets require fires to ensure freedom of maneuver in the form of SEAD, they are also an ideal platform for calling for indirect fires on targets in the deep area. Joint fires can also be enabled by aviation deep operations. Aircraft conducting a SCAR mission can provide targetable information for continued or future indirect fires or fires strikes. SUPPRESSION OF ENEMY AIR DEFENSES B-41. SEAD is fundamental for the effective employment of attack aircraft in the deep area. Corps and division planners should determine what surface-to-air threats are enroute and in the target area to provide the most economical and capable assets to suppress those systems. There are various ways to suppress enemy air defense assets depending on the range and number of threats in the target area. Planners may be able to employ electronic warfare capabilities or coordinate with the fires cell for indirect fire weapons or joint air assets to suppress enemy surface-to-air systems. Indirect fire weapons should be considered as an effective