ATP-3-09-30 Observed Fires Download
Page 38 of 204
Chapter 2 2-12 ATP 3-09.30 28 September 2017 OBSERVATION POST An observation post is a position from which military observations are made, or fire directed and adjusted, and which possesses appropriate communications. While aerial observers and sensors systems are extremely useful, those systems do not constitute aerial observation post (FM 3-90-2). SELECTION Consider the following when selecting an observation post: The observation post must permit the observer the ability to accurately identify and locate assigned targets based on the fire support plan. Observe targets in the supported unit's area of operation (identifiable points on the ground). Evaluate the effects of fire created on targets. Cover obstacles with indirect fire. Note. The supported maneuver unit should always keep obstacles under surveillance and be able to call for fire through the supporting FIST. An obstacle not observed and covered by fire is no obstacle at all. The company or troop FSO must check with the maneuver commander to ensure obstacles are under surveillance and emphasize that requirement during rehearsals. Coordinate observation post selection with other observers' observation posts and maneuver observation posts to prevent and minimize gaps or dead space. Ensure the observation post is not vulnerable. Observation posts are vulnerable to identification from the air by loose dirt, wire lines, paths to the position, and detection of antennas. Select a position that enhances survivability through concealment. Select an observation post that can accommodate establishing and maintaining communication. Observation posts should have an entry and exit route that permits occupation without arousing suspicion of the adversary. Use elevated points such as crests, but avoid landmarks and prominent terrain features. Consider the characteristics of forward slope positions (military crest) versus those of the reverse slope. FORWARD SLOPE CONSIDERATIONS Consider the following when positioning an observation post on a forward slope: It should offer views to the front and flanks. Fires impacting on the topographical crest will not neutralize the position. A hillside provides background and aids in concealment. Occupation during daylight is difficult without risking disclosure of the position. Radio communications may be difficult. The position should provide cover from direct fire. REVERSE SLOP CONSIDERATIONS Positioning an observation post on a reverse slope: Allows occupation during daylight. Allows greater freedom of movement over forward slope. Facilitates installation and concealment of communications equipment. Provides protection from direct fire. Affords limited field of view to the front. Enemy fire landing on the topographical crest may neutralize the observation post.