ATP-3-09-02 Field Artillery Survey Download
Page 147 of 168
16 February 2016 ATP 3-09.02 C-1 Appendix C Ellipsoids and Datums To permit the delivery of accurate FA fires without adjustment and the massing of fires of two or more artillery units, all firing and target-locating element must be located and oriented with respect to a single ellipsoid, datum plane or grid, known as the common grid or control. ELLIPSOIDS C-1. Table C-1 is a list of ellipsoids and their parameters. This is not a list of all ellipsoids; however, it is the most complete one-table list of ellipsoids and their parameters available to artillery surveyors. The semimajor axis (a) and flattening (1/f) are listed when available. Semiminor axis must be computed by the user with the formula b = a (1 - f) (see figure C-1 on page C-2). Table C-1. Reference ellipsoid names and constants Reference Ellipsoid Name Code a (meters) 1/f Airy 1830 AA 6377563.396 299.3249646 Australian National AN 6378160 298.25 Bessel 1841 Ethiopia, Indonesia, Japan and Korea BR 6377397.155 299.1528128 Bessel 1841 Namibia BN 6377483.865 299.1528128 Clarke 1866 CC 6378206.4 294.9786982 Clarke 1880 CD 6378249.145 293.465 Everest Brunei and E. Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak) EB 6377298.556 300.8017 Everest India 1830 EA 6377276.345 300.8017 Everest India 1956 EC 6377301.243 300.8017 Everest Pakistan EF 6377309.613 300.8017 Everest West Malaysia and Singapore 1948 EE 6377304.063 300.8017 Everest West Malaysia 1969 ED 6377295.664 300.8017 Geodetic Reference System 1980 RF 6378137 298.257222101 Helmert 1906 HE 6378200 298.3 Hough 1960 HO 6378270 297 Indonesian 1974 ID 6378160 298.247 International 1924 IN 6378388 297 Krassovsky 1940 KA 6378245 298.3 Modified Airy AM 6377340.189 299.3249646 Modified Fischer 1960 FA 6378155 298.3 South American 1969 SA 6378160 298.25 World Geodetic System (WGS) 1972 WD 6378135 298.26 World Geodetic System (WGS) 1984 WE 6378137 298.257223563