ATP-3-09-02 Field Artillery Survey Download
Page 131 of 168
16 February 2016 ATP 3-09.02 10-1 Chapter 10 Conversion and Transformation Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid zones are 6 degrees wide. There are 60 such zones surrounding the earth. At the equator, each of these zones is about 360 nautical miles wide. When moving north or south from the equator, each zone decreases in width. In the UTM grid system, there are overlap areas east and west of zone junctions. It is very possible that survey operations will take place at the junctions of these zones. It is also probable that missiles and longer-range FA will be required to fire from one zone to another. Since FA operations will span such large areas, survey personnel may have to transform coordinates or azimuth from one zone to another. They may have to convert geographic coordinates to UTM grid coordinates in areas where existing survey is available only in geographic coordinates. SECTION I – CONVERTING GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES TO UTM COORDINATES AND UTM COORDINATES TO GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES CONVERSION AND TRANSFORMATION WITH THE FORWARD OBESERVER SYSTEM 10-1. Conversion computations depend on the method of computation and the spheroid that is used for a particular locality. To determine the spheroid for a particular locality, refer to local trigonometric lists, maps, or higher headquarters. 10-2. The FOS survey transformation and conversion function allows the operator to perform various types of coordinate conversions and datum-to-datum transformations. The options are selected from the transformation menu. COORDINATE CONVERSION 10-3. Three types of coordinate conversion may be performed by the FOS. They are GEO to UTM coordinate, UTM to GEO coordinate, and Zone-to–Zone transformation. UTM/GEO LISTED DATUM TRANSFORMATION 10-4. Four types of UTM/GEO datum transformations may be performed by the FOS. They are UTM to UTM, UTM to GEO, GEO to UTM, and GEO to GEO. GAUSS-KRUGER DATUM TRANSFORMATION 10-5. Four types of Gauss-Kruger datum transformations may be performed by the FOS. They are Krassovsky to UTM, UTM to Krassovsky, Bessel to UTM, and UTM to Bessel. USER-DEFINED DATUM TRANSFORMATION 10-6. Three types of user-defined datum transformations may be performed by the FOS. They are user defined to user defined, user defined to listed, and listed to user defined.