ATP-3-09-02 Field Artillery Survey Download
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16 February 2016 ATP 3-09.02 8-1 Chapter 8 Improved Position Azimuth Determining System The IPADS is a self-contained inertial surveying system, capable of rapidly determining accurate position, altitude, and azimuth when used in either ground or airborne survey operations. The systems may be installed in and operated from an M998, M1097, or M1123 series high-mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV) and M973 series small unit support vehicle (SUSV). It may be transported by a CH-47 cargo helicopter (by sling loading the land vehicle). IPADS may be used within any vehicle, ground or air, capable of carrying it, supplying required power and making periodic stops at five or ten minute intervals. IPADS is used to conduct FA surveys critical to the fire-control function, providing a common grid for weapons and target acquisition systems. It will determine the true or grid azimuth of azimuth lines used to orient weapons and target acquisition systems. SYSTEM USES AND CONFIGURATIONS IMPROVED POSITION AND AZIMUTH DETERMINING SYSTEM (IPADS) 8-1. The M111 IPADS is a self-contained inertial surveying system capable of rapidly determining accurate position, altitude and azimuth when used in either ground or airborne operations. IPADS must be initialized before it can perform survey operations. The system may be installed in and operate from a M998, M1097 or M1123 series high-mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV) and M973 series small utility support vehicle (SUSV). The M973 must be modified to ensure proper installation, for example, removal of winch in accordance with (IAW) TM 9-6675-349-13&P. IPADS may be utilized within any vehicle capable of securely mounting it, supplying required power and making periodic stops at five and ten minute intervals. IPADS is capable of 4th and 5th order FA surveys critical to the fire- command function, providing a common grid for weapons and target acquisition systems. True or grid azimuth lines accurate to 0.4mils PE used to orient weapons and target acquisition systems are established with IPADS. 8-2. Special precautions must be taken in certain geographical areas. In areas of extreme cold the IPADS control display unit (CDU) Crystal Display may be permanently damaged if exposed to temperatures below -40°F. Permanent damage to the IPADS CDU hard disk drive (HDD) may result from operation at temperatures below -22°F. Ensure that vehicle temperature is raised above this level using the vehicle heater prior to installing the CDU. Operation of IPADS in ambient temperatures above 115°F may cause internal battery temperature to exceed 150°F. If the internal battery temperature approaches this threshold the battery may not provide backup battery power for continued operations. 8-3. Updates are required every 75 km radius from the last update point or every 221 km of total distance from last update point. IPADS requires the vehicle to be stopped every five minutes for 4 th order survey and ten minutes for 5 th order. With the fielding of the IPADS-G, due to an integrated GPS capability, the IPADS system will no longer be required to stop in order to perform zero velocity updates (ZUPT). The GPS feature aides in continuing mission beyond the 75km radius negating the update distance restrictions. This feature will greatly improve convoy security enabling survey vehicles to maintain a constant velocity thus ensuring operational integrity. 8-4. When the IPADS vehicle is unable to occupy a station the Nikon NE-102 Theodolite is used to optically transfer positional data to the IPADS. Optical transfer can be accomplished up to 24m from the system by means of a prism located on the compact position and navigational unit (CPNU) component of