ADP-3-19 FIRES Warfighting Function Download
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Chapter 1 1-6 ADP 3-19 31 July 2019 establishing integrated fire control networks. In addition to conducting military exchange and liaison programs, personnel and schools train foreign students at home station and abroad. Foreign military sales contribute to multinational interoperability and enhance partner capacity. Security cooperation is all department of defense interactions with foreign security establishments to build security relationships that promote specific United States security interests, develop allied and partner nation military and security capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations, and provide United States forces with peace time and contingency access to allied and partner nations (see JP 3-20). Commanders support security cooperation with fires by providing technical and tactical assistance in organization, training, education, and other various functions to assist foreign partners and security forces. Select units provide security force assistance with fires tasks to foreign units. An example is fire support personnel assigned to a security force assistance brigade. Army units, key leaders and specific subject matter experts plan, coordinate, and participate in joint and multinational training exercises with bi-lateral and multinational partners on a continual basis. These exercises provide a platform for gaining feedback and insight on interoperability within the fires warfighting function. Information exchanged provides data and identifies capability gaps, lessons learned, and technical and tactical insight towards integrating fires as part of a joint or multinational force. Training exercises are conducted at all levels of command. Institutional training of Army, joint, and multinational students is conducted at home station. This training includes officer leader development, military occupational specialty producing schools, new equipment training, and functional course training on various systems. The training includes curricula for systems and processes that enable the execution of fires tasks. Operations to shape also includes operational training provided to units pre- and post-deployment on the modification and upgrade of equipment as well as new equipment training. Mobile training teams, selected units, and security force assistance brigades provide this training to ensure units are fully prepared to employ fires within operations. Planners combine sensors, shooters, munitions, command and control systems, and personnel into organizations designed to employ fires to accomplish specific mission sets from strategic- to tactical-level. This includes tailoring forces for task organization and contingency planning. Contingency planning is an ongoing effort that begins at home station and is modified as required until the contingency becomes an operation. Contingency planning also requires leaders and forces to interact with and advise allied and friendly military partners to integrate capabilities for fires, protection, improving information exchange and intelligence sharing. This provides U.S. forces with peacetime and contingency access, and the ability to mitigate conditions that could lead to a crisis. During operations to shape, targeting is generally focused on target development and assigning delivery assets against targets so that the targets can be executed immediately as part of an operation plan or contingency plan if competition escalates to conflict. Commanders may choose to execute the targeting process for nonlethal fires assets that they have the authority to employ during competition, including the creation of effects and assessment of those effects. FIRES IN SUPPORT OF OPERATIONS TO PREVENT The purpose of operations to prevent is to deter adversary actions contrary to U.S. interest. Operations to prevent are conducted in response to activities that threaten unified action partners and require the deployment or repositioning of credible forces in a theater to demonstrate the willingness to fight if deterrence fails (see FM 3-0). Leaders at all echelons develop plans and apply the fundamental principles of fires to help prevent conflict. Fires capabilities are employed in operations to protect and defend host nation civilian populations, infrastructure, and friendly operating forces from attacks. Nonlethal capabilities are integrated into operations through targeting to create effects, particularly in the information environment, to accomplish the commander’s deterrence objectives. At the operational and strategic levels, effects created by the military