ADP-3-19 FIRES Warfighting Function Download
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Integrate Army, Multinational, and Joint Fires 31 July 2019 ADP 3-19 3-7 ARMY TARGETING PROCESS 3-41. The Army targeting process organizes the efforts of the commander and staff to accomplish key targeting requirements. This methodology is referred to as the D3A. D3A assists the commander and staff decide which targets must be acquired and engaged and to help develop options to engage those targets. Options may include lethal or nonlethal, organic or supporting assets at all levels, including maneuver, electronic attack, psychological operations, attack aircraft, surface-to-surface fires, air to surface fires, other information-related capabilities, or a combination of these options. 3-42. The D3A methodology is an integral part of the MDMP. As the MDMP is conducted, targeting becomes more focused based on the commander's guidance and intent. Certain targets may require special considerations or caution, because engaging them improperly could create unintended effects. Examples include targets that should be handled with sensitivity due to potential political and or diplomatic repercussions and targets located in areas with a high risks of collateral damage, to include weapons of mass destruction facilities. These measures are incorporated in the coordinating instructions and appropriate annexes of the operation plan or operation order. Decide 3-43. Decide is the first function in targeting and occurs during the planning portion of the operations process. It is the most important function, requiring close interaction between the commander, intelligence, plans, operations, the fires cell, and staff judge advocate. It begins during the mission analysis portion of the MDMP and continues throughout the operation. The staff develops (decide) information to address: What are the commander's objectives? What targeting effects are required to accomplish the commander's mission objectives? What are our high payoff targets? What high payoff targets should be acquired and engaged to support the commander’s mission objectives? When and where are the targets likely to be found? How do the ROE impact target selection? How long will the target remain once acquired? Who or what can locate and track the targets? What accuracy of target location will be required to attack or engage the target? What are the priorities for reconnaissance, surveillance, target acquisition, sensor allocation, and employment? What are the priority intelligence requirements that support engagement of the high payoff targets? When, where, how, and in what priority should the targets be engaged? What are the measures of performance and measures of effectiveness that determine whether the high payoff target has been successfully engaged and whether the commander's desired effects have been generated by doing so? Who or what can engage targets, how should the engagement be conducted (for example, number or type of engagement assets) to generate desired effects, and what are the required assets or resources based on commander's guidance? What or who will obtain assessment or other information required for determining the success or failure of the engagement? Who must receive and process that information, how rapidly, and in what format? Who has the decision-making authority to determine success or failure, and how rapidly must the decision be made and disseminated? What actions will be required if an engagement is unsuccessful and who has the authority to direct those actions? What civil considerations analysis and evaluation requirements are essential to the targeting effort, and how and by when the civil information is collected, processed, produced and disseminated?